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（1）功能的机构 (1) functional organization 实现一种功能的机构组合，一般有多种方案。设计时最好提现尽可能多的方案，给予考察。此外以开发全新产品为目标时，不仅对平时所见的常规机构，而却对其他领域中所使用的或历史上被看成是过失物体中的，因其中能给予启发的东西有很多，最好也要参照。 To achieve a functional combination of organizations, there are generally many options. It is better to present as many schemes as possible in design. In addition, the development of new products as the goal, not only for ordinary institutions, but also for other areas used or historically regarded as a fault object, because there are many things to inspire, it is best to refer to. 此外，机械式机构大约到19世纪末达到成熟，现在几乎所有使用的机构（自动装置）在其历史上都能见到。 In addition, mechanical mechanisms matured around the end of the 19th century, and almost all the mechanisms (automatic devices) used today have been seen in their history. （2）力作用线 (2) force line 为了只观地表示力在机械机构中怎样传递下去的状态，将力看作犹如在构件中留动的样子，描绘在草案图的机械中。表示这个力“流动”的线，在设计考察中起着重要作用。例如：产生某种动作的机械，如果处于静态平衡，难么力作用线在整体系统中封闭。如果力线不封闭，或者该机械正题开始加速运动或者在空间分解。转动力矩的作用现也同样。 In order to visualize only how the force is transmitted in the mechanism, the force is depicted in the drawing machine as if it were retained in the component. The line that indicates the force "flows" plays an important role in the design investigation. For example, if the machine that produces a certain action is in static equilibrium, it is difficult to close the line of action in the whole system. If the force line is not closed, or the mechanical topic begins to accelerate motion or decompose in space. The same is true for rotational torque. （3）平衡 (3) balance 仅对于由重力产生的力，其力线不封闭。这里，重力所产生的逆转力矩成为额外难题。机械处于静态时出现逆转的部位是机械的根本缺陷之处。不要制作头重脚轻或左右重力不能保持平衡的物体。这是应为这样的物体受到一点水平向外就会翻转的缘故。此外，把握机械的大致重量，稳心的位置也是非常重要的。特别是，如果重心水平方向位于安装地脚之外，则会失去自身平衡，是机器出现非正常状态，这一点要给以注意。 The force line is not closed only for the force generated by gravity. Here, the reverse torque generated by gravity becomes an additional problem. Where mechanical reverses occur, it is the fundamental defect of machinery. Do not make heavy weights or left and right gravity that can not maintain balance. This is the reason why such an object will be turned outward at a certain level. In addition, it is very important to grasp the approximate weight of the machine and the position of the center of stability. In particular, if the center of gravity is located horizontally outside the foot of the installation, it will lose its own balance, is the abnormal state of the machine, this should be noted.